Discrimination is one of the most serious and pervasive human rights abuses in Europe today. In ways large and small, ranging from insults to assault and the denial of basic services and other rights, it blights the lives of millions of people across the continent. But discrimination is not always well understood, nor is enough being done to combat it. Governments need to recognize and deal with the different needs of individuals. Some need a better understanding of what discrimination is, and what can – and must – be done about it. Dealing with difference provides an overview of the most common manifestations of discrimination in Europe, as well as a comprehensive introduction to the relevant regional and international human rights standards. It also presents Amnesty International’s views on some of the more complex issues that arise in relation to discrimination. Combating discrimination goes to the heart of Europe’s human rights challenges. This report outlines the steps that governments must take to make equality a reality.